The Andaman and Nicobar Islands are a group of islands located in the Bay of Bengal.
2. ‘Saddle Peak’ the highest peak of Andaman and Nicobar islands is located in?
Saddle Peak, the highest peak, is located in North Andaman.
3. Which of the following is geographically closest to Great Nicobar?
Great Nicobar is geographically closest to Sumatra.
4. Which one of the following is a volcanic island of India?
Barren Island is India’s only active volcanic island.
5. Which one among the following is the oldest geographical region of India?
The Indian Peninsular Plateau is the oldest geological region of India.
6. Which of the following is the oldest mountain range in India?
The Aravalli Range is the oldest mountain range in India.
7. In which of the following states are the Aravalli Ranges located?
The Aravalli Ranges are primarily located in Rajasthan.
8. The approximate age of the Aravalli Range is?
The Aravalli Range is approximately 670 million years old.
9. Which one of the following mountain ranges is spread over only one state in India?
The Ajanta Range is confined to Maharashtra.
10. Mahadeo mountains are part of?
The Mahadeo mountains are part of the Satpura Range.
11. The Western Ghats is an important mountain system of the West Coast of India. The word ‘Ghat’ means?
The word “Ghat” refers to stair-like structures in this context.
12. Which of the following is the highest peak of South India?
Anamudi is the highest peak in South India.
13. Western Ghats in Maharashtra and Karnataka is known as?
Western Ghats in Maharashtra and Karnataka is known as Sahyadri.
14. Which one of the following statements is not correct?
The Western Ghats are relatively higher in their southern region.
15. The Southern most range of India is?
The Cardamom Hills are the southernmost range of India.
16. The hills situated closer to Kanyakumari are?
The Cardamom Hills are located closer to Kanyakumari.
17. Cardamom Hills lie along the border of the States of?
Cardamom Hills lie along the border of Kerala and Tamil Nadu.
18. Which of the following lies at the junction of Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu States?
Nilgiri Hills lie at the junction of Karnataka, Kerala, and Tamil Nadu.
19. Which of the following mountain peaks is not situated in Eastern Ghats?
Salher is not situated in the Eastern Ghats; it is in the Western Ghats.
20. Dhoopgarh, the highest peak of Madhya Pradesh, is located at?
Dhoopgarh, the highest peak of Madhya Pradesh, is located in the Satpura range.
21. ‘Kodaikanal’ is situated in which hill?
Kodaikanal is situated in the Palni Hills.
22. Borra caves are situated on the East Coast of India in which of the following hills?
Borra caves are located in the Anantagiri Hills.
23. Shillong is situated in?
Shillong is located in the Khasi Hills.
24. Where are Shevaroy Hills located?
Shevaroy Hills are located in Tamil Nadu.
25. Which one of the following does not lie in Maharashtra?
Mandav Hills do not lie in Maharashtra.
26. Which one of the following hills does not have tea plantation?
Girnar Hills do not have tea plantations.
27. In which Pat ‘Gaurlata’ peak is situated?
Gaurlata Peak is situated in Samri Pat.
28. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of the hills of Central India located from West to East?
The correct sequence is Satpura, Mahadeo, Maikal, and Chota Nagpur.
29. Consider the following pairs:
I. Cardamon Hills – Coromandel Coast
II. Karimur Hills – Konkan Coast
III. Mahadeo Hills – Central India
IV. Mikir Hills – North-East India
Which of the above pairs are correctly matched?
Pairs III and IV are correctly matched: Mahadeo Hills in Central India and Mikir Hills in North-East India.
30. The Bum-La Pass is located in?
The Bum-La Pass is located in Arunachal Pradesh.
31. Which of the following passes lead to Leh?
Zoji La is one of the passes leading to Leh.
32. Nathu La Pass is situated in which state?
Nathu La Pass is situated in Sikkim.
33. The pass, which is situated at the highest elevation, is?
Khyber Pass is situated at the highest elevation.
34. What are Kingri-Wingri Neeti-Mana?
Kingri-Wingri Neeti-Mana are mountain passes.
35. Lipulekh Pass is situated in?
Lipulekh Pass is situated in Uttaranchal.
36. Mana Pass is located in?
Mana Pass is located in Uttarakhand.
37. What is the pass at the Southern end of the Nilgiri Hills called?
The pass at the Southern end of the Nilgiri Hills is called the Palakkad gap.
38. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
Nathu La is in Sikkim, not Arunachal Pradesh.
39. Which of the following pairs is not correctly matched? Mountain Pass - State
Nathu La is in Sikkim, not Meghalaya.
40. The flat plains along the sub-Himalayan regions in North India are called?
The flat plains along the sub-Himalayan regions in North India are called Terai.
41. Bhur of Upper Ganga Plain of India is?
Bhur of Upper Ganga Plain refers to undulating, aeolian sandy deposits.
42. ‘Gangani’ region of West Bengal has which type of soil?
The Gangani region of West Bengal is characterized by Laterite soil.
43. The South of ‘Shivalik’ rock series, Bhabar region is an example of?
The Bhabar region south of the Shivalik rock series is a Piedmont situation.
44. Imphal basin surrounded by Manipur hills is a fine example of?
The Imphal basin surrounded by Manipur hills is an example of a Lacustrine plain.
45. Cherrapunji is situated in?
Cherrapunji is situated in the Khasi hills.
46. Match the following: List I (Agricultural Region) - List II (State) A. Doab 1. Assam B. Char 2. Karnataka C. Maidan 3. Punjab D. Terai 4. Uttar Pradesh Codes A B C D (a) 3 2 4 1 (b) 3 1 2 4 (c) 4 1 2 3 (d) 4 2 1 3?
The correct match is A-4, B-1, C-2, D-3.
47. Meghalayan Plateau is the part of?
The Meghalayan Plateau is part of the Peninsular Plateau.
48. Which one of the following is not a part of the Meghalayan Plateau?
Bhuban Hills is not a part of the Meghalayan Plateau.
49. Chota Nagpur Plateau?
The Chota Nagpur Plateau is a front-sloping landform.
50. The snow-line in Himalayas lies between?
The snow-line in the Himalayas lies between 4000 to 5800 meters in the West.
51. Which amongst the following is the largest glacier?
Siachen is the largest glacier in the Himalayas.
52. Siachen glacier is situated to the?
The Siachen Glacier is located to the north of the Nubra Valley.
53. Which of the following is the largest glacier?
The Gangotri Glacier is one of the largest glaciers in the Himalayas.
54. Chorabari glacier is located towards?
The Chorabari glacier is located to the north of the Kedarnath temple.
55. The rate of melting of Himalayan glaciers is?
The Himalayan glaciers have the highest melting rate in the world.
56. Which of the following glaciers is located in Kumaon region of Uttarakhand?
Milam glacier is located in the Kumaon region of Uttarakhand.
57. Consider the following pairs: Glacier - River: I. Bandarpunch – Yamuna, II. Bara Shigri – Chenab, III. Milam – Mandakini, IV. Siachen – Nubra, V. Zemu – Manas. Which of the following pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
The correctly matched pairs are: I. Bandarpunch – Yamuna, II. Bara Shigri – Chenab, and IV. Siachen – Nubra.
58. Valley of Kashmir is situated between?
The Valley of Kashmir is situated between the Pir Panjal and Himadri Ranges.
59. The Kullu Valley is situated between the mountain ranges of?
The Kullu Valley is situated between the Dhauladhar and Pir Panjal ranges.
60. In which state is the Nelang Valley located?
The Nelang Valley is located in the state of Uttarakhand.
61. In which state "Silent Valley" is located in India?
The Silent Valley is located in the state of Kerala.
62. The Araku Valley, a tourist resort, is located near which of the cities of South India?
The Araku Valley is located near Visakhapatnam.
63. Chumbi Valley is on boundary of?
The Chumbi Valley lies on the boundary of Sikkim and Bhutan.
64. The Mountains of Himalaya were formed in?
The Himalayas were formed during the Tertiary Age due to tectonic movements.
65. The force responsible for the formation of Himalaya was?
The formation of the Himalayas was caused by compressive forces due to the collision of tectonic plates.
66. The Himalayas are formed of parallel fold ranges, of which the oldest range is?
The Great Himalayas Range is the oldest among the parallel fold ranges of the Himalayas.
67. The mountains of Himalayas can be structurally divided into ........... range.
The Himalayas can be structurally divided into four ranges: Trans-Himalayas, Greater Himalayas, Lesser Himalayas, and Shivalik.
68. Nanda Devi peak forms a part of?
Nanda Devi is located in the Garhwal Himalayas of Uttarakhand, India.
69. Nanda Devi is situated in?
Nanda Devi is situated in the state of Uttarakhand, India.
70. The Lesser Himalaya is located between?
The Lesser Himalayas are located between the Shivalik and Great Himalayas.
71. Himachal stands for?
Himachal stands for the Middle Himalayas, which lie between the Greater Himalayas and the Shivaliks.
72. In which part of Himalayas is ‘Karewa’ landform found?
The Karewa landforms are found in the Kashmir Himalaya, known for their fertile soil.
73. The foothills of Himalayas is?
The Shivalik range forms the foothills of the Himalayas.
74. Shivalik series was formed in?
The Shivalik series was formed during the Cenozoic era due to the accumulation of sediments.
75. Main resources of Western Himalayan resource region, are?
The Western Himalayan resource region is rich in forests and forest-based resources.
76. In which part of Himalayas is ‘The Banihal Pass’ situated?
The Banihal Pass is situated in the Kashmir Himalaya, connecting the Kashmir Valley with Jammu.
77. Where is ‘Mount Everest’ located?
Mount Everest, the highest peak in the world, is located in Nepal.
78. Highest mountain peak in India is?
K2 Godwin Austin is the highest mountain peak in India, located in the Karakoram Range.
79. In which of the following states, Himalayan Mountain ranges are not present?
The Himalayan Mountain ranges do not pass through Uttar Pradesh.
80. The hill range separating Manipur from Nagaland is known as?
The Barail hill range separates Manipur from Nagaland.
81. Atal Tunnel is across which one of the following Himalayan ranges?
Atal Tunnel passes through the Western Pir Panjal range, connecting Manali to Lahaul-Spiti valley.
82. Manasarovar lake lies in?
Manasarovar Lake lies in the Kailash range, near Mount Kailash.
83. Which region is called the Granary of South India?
Thanjavur is called the Granary of South India due to its fertile agricultural lands.
84. Which one of the following statements about the Himalayas is not correct?
The Himalayan Frontal Fault (HFF) does not separate the Himalayas from Tibet; it lies at the foothills of the Himalayas.
85. Which one of the following is the correct order of Himalayan ranges from North to South?
The correct order of Himalayan ranges from North to South is Karakoram, Ladakh, Zaskar, Pir Panjal, and Shivalik.
86. What is the total length of coastal line of India?
The total length of India's coastline is approximately 7500 km, including the mainland and islands.
87. From which of the following coasts the mean sea level of India is measured?
The mean sea level of India is measured from Chennai.
88. Which of the following states of India has the longest coastline?
Gujarat has the longest coastline in India, with a length of approximately 1600 km.
89. The number of Coastal States in India is?
India has 9 coastal states: Gujarat, Maharashtra, Goa, Karnataka, Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Andhra Pradesh, Odisha, and West Bengal.
90. The sea coast of Tamil Nadu is known as?
The sea coast of Tamil Nadu is called the Coromandel Coast.
91. The Northern part of Western Coastal Plain is also known as?
The northern part of the Western Coastal Plain is known as the Konkan Coast.
92. Which one of the following coasts of India is located between Krishna delta and Cape Comorin?
The Coromandel Coast is located between the Krishna delta and Cape Comorin.
93. Which of the following is also known as Cape Comorin?
Kanyakumari, the southernmost tip of mainland India, is also known as Cape Comorin.
94. The maximum coastal erosion is caused by?
Waves are the primary agents of coastal erosion, constantly impacting shorelines.
95. Moribund delta is a subdivision of which of the following Delta?
The Moribund Delta is a subdivision of the Bengal Delta, characterized by silting and stagnant water.
96. Port Blair is located on which island?
Port Blair, the capital of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, is located on South Andaman Island.
97. Andaman and Nicobar are?
Andaman and Nicobar are a group of islands located in the Bay of Bengal.
98. Saddle Peak, the highest peak of Andaman and Nicobar islands, is located in?
Saddle Peak, the highest peak in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, is located in North Andaman.
99. Which of the following is geographically closest to Great Nicobar?
Sumatra, an island in Indonesia, is geographically closest to Great Nicobar.
100. Which one of the following is a volcanic island of India?
Barren Island is the only confirmed active volcanic island in India.
India is a vast country, characterized by its diverse physical features. The physical division of India plays a crucial role in shaping its climate, culture, economy, and agriculture. Understanding the physical divisions is essential for students preparing for competitive exams such as SSC, UPSC, and State PSC exams. This article will delve into the major physical divisions of India, highlighting key facts and features that are important from an exam perspective.
1. Introduction to the Physical Division of India
India’s physical division refers to the classification of the country’s landmass into distinct geographical regions, based on the landforms, climate, and elevation. The country’s physical landscape has been shaped by several geological processes, including tectonic movements, erosion, and sediment deposition. These divisions have played a significant role in the socio-economic development of India.
India can be broadly divided into six physical divisions:
The Himalayan Region
The Indo-Gangetic Plains
The Peninsular Plateau
The Coastal Plains
The Desert Region
The Islands
2. The Himalayan Region
The Himalayas, often referred to as the “abode of snow,” form the northernmost boundary of India. These mountains are the highest in the world, home to numerous peaks above 7,000 meters, with Mount Kanchenjunga being the highest peak in India at 8,586 meters.
Key Features:
Subdivisions: The Himalayas can be divided into the Western Himalayas, Central Himalayas, and Eastern Himalayas.
Important Ranges: Pir Panjal, Zanskar, Ladakh, Karakoram, and Shivalik.
Rivers: The major rivers originating from the Himalayas are the Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra.
Significance: These mountains act as a barrier between the Indian subcontinent and the Tibetan Plateau. They are the source of several major rivers and influence the climate, providing rainfall to much of the northern and northeastern regions.
3. The Indo-Gangetic Plains
The Indo-Gangetic Plains are one of the most fertile and densely populated regions of India. This region is primarily made up of the alluvial soil deposited by the rivers that flow from the Himalayas.
Key Features:
Rivers: The Indus, Ganga, and Brahmaputra along with their tributaries like the Yamuna, Sarasvati, and Kosi.
Subregions: The plains can be divided into the Punjab Plains, Ganga Plains, and Brahmaputra Plains.
Importance: Known for their agricultural productivity, the Indo-Gangetic Plains support a large population and are integral to India’s economy due to their agricultural output.
4. The Peninsular Plateau
The Peninsular Plateau is one of the oldest and most stable landforms in India. This region, characterized by its hard rocks, is rich in minerals. The plateau has been tilted toward the east, forming a slight slope from west to east.
Key Features:
Major Ranges: The Vindhya, Satpura, Aravalli, and Eastern Ghats are some of the prominent mountain ranges in the plateau.
Deccan Plateau: This vast plateau is divided into the Northern Deccan Plateau and Southern Deccan Plateau, separated by the Narmada River.
Rivers: Major rivers such as the Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri flow through the region.
Mineral Wealth: The region is rich in coal, iron ore, bauxite, and manganese. It is the hub of India’s mining and industrial activities.
5. The Coastal Plains
India has a vast coastline of about 7,500 km, and the coastal plains are divided into two main regions: the Western Coastal Plains and the Eastern Coastal Plains.
Key Features:
Western Coastal Plains: Stretching from Gujarat to Kerala, these plains are narrow and are bordered by the Western Ghats. They include major ports like Mumbai and Goa.
Eastern Coastal Plains: These are broader and stretch from West Bengal to Tamil Nadu, bordered by the Eastern Ghats. They are home to important ports like Kolkata and Chennai.
Rivers: The Narmada, Tapi, Mahi, and Sabarmati drain into the western coast, while the Mahanadi, Godavari, Krishna, and Kaveri flow into the eastern coast.
6. The Desert Region
The Thar Desert or Great Indian Desert lies to the northwest of the country, predominantly in Rajasthan and parts of Gujarat, Haryana, and Punjab.
Key Features:
Climate: The region experiences extreme heat during the day and cold at night, with very little rainfall.
Geography: The desert is characterized by sand dunes, rocky plains, and salt flats.
Flora and Fauna: Despite the harsh environment, the Thar Desert supports a variety of flora and fauna, including camels, desert foxes, and various species of cacti.
7. The Islands
India has two major groups of islands: the Andaman and Nicobar Islands in the Bay of Bengal and the Lakshadweep Islands in the Arabian Sea.
Key Features:
Andaman and Nicobar Islands: These islands are known for their unique biodiversity, tropical forests, and indigenous tribes. Port Blair is the capital.
Lakshadweep Islands: A group of 36 islands known for coral reefs and pristine beaches, these islands are located off the western coast of India, near Kerala.
Conclusion: The Importance of Physical Divisions
The physical division of India provides a comprehensive understanding of its diverse landscape. The study of these divisions helps in better understanding the geography, economy, climate, and even the cultural diversity of the country. For aspirants of SSC, UPSC, and State PSC exams, it is crucial to grasp the key features of each physical division, as questions related to physical geography are frequently asked in these exams.
Key Takeaways for Exam Preparation:
Focus on important rivers, mountain ranges, and regions within each physical division.
Understand the geographical, economic, and cultural significance of these regions.
Keep in mind the various natural resources and mineral wealth associated with each division.
By grasping the depth and details of India’s physical geography, candidates will not only perform well in their exams but also gain a broader understanding of the country’s diverse landscape.
Explore India’s diverse industrial landscape and cutting-edge research centers with this in-depth guide. Covering IT, manufacturing, renewable energy, biotechnology, and key research institutions like ISRO, DRDO, and CSIR, this article is your ultimate resource for understanding India’s economic and technological growth.
Discover the diverse natural vegetation and wildlife of India in this in-depth guide. Perfect for competitive exams, it covers forest types, notable wildlife, conservation efforts, and challenges, offering a complete understanding of India’s biodiversity.
Explore the physical division of India, including the Himalayas, Indo-Gangetic Plains, Peninsular Plateau, Coastal Plains, Desert Region, and Islands. Learn key facts and features essential for SSC, UPSC, and State PSC exam preparation.
Discover the diverse soils of India, their characteristics, distribution, and significance. A comprehensive guide for competitive exams, covering all facts about the soils of India.
Discover 50 key facts about the Drainage System of India, covering Himalayan rivers, Peninsular rivers, deltas, tributaries, dams, and environmental concerns, essential for UPSC, SSC, and state PCS exam preparation.
Discover everything about India’s minerals and energy resources, their types, importance, latest data, and sustainable management practices. Perfect for students preparing for exams or gaining insights into India’s resource potential.
